|
__NOTOC__ Gundulf (or Gundulph) was a Norman monk who came to England following the Conquest. He was appointed Bishop of Rochester and Prior of the Cathedral Priory there; built castles, including Rochester, Colchester and the White Tower of the Tower of London and the Priory and Cathedral Church of Rochester. ==Life== Gundulf was a monk of Bec Abbey in Normandy and a friend, pupil and also chamberlain of Lanfranc. He was a monk of St. Etienne in Caen before he came to England in 1070, as one of several clergy from Bec and St Etienne.〔(British History Online Bishops of Rochester ) accessed on 30 October 2007〕 He was one of the most important of those chosen by Lanfranc to help him with the reorganisation of English monasticism, as Lanfranc had been charged to do, following his appointment as Archbishop of Canterbury by King William I. In 1075 at Lanfranc's instigation, King William I agreed to the appointment of Gundulf as Bishop of Rochester and Gundulf was consecrated on 19 March 1077.〔Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' p. 266〕 Earlier that year Lanfranc had recovered much of the lands once belonging to St. Andrews Church at Rochester from the king's half-brother Odo and when Gundulf was enthroned Lanfranc endowed much of this property back to the church. This restored income enabled Gundulf to start reconstruction work on the almost derelict church building in 1080. In 1078 King William used Gundulf's skill in the construction of the White Tower: the keep of the Tower of London, he was described as "competent and skilled at building in stone and was the principle overseer and surveyor of the White Tower of London";〔Textus Roffensis, pages 145-8, T. Hearne editor, London 1720〕 also the castle at Colchester which was started around 1080. Colchester is attributed to Gundulf on the basis of the similarity in plan and design to the White Tower. In 1080 he was responsible for St. Leonard's Tower which became the tower of the monastic cell of St. Leonard's, belonging to Malling Abbey.〔Greenwood p.6〕 Sometime around 1092 Gundulf founded the abbey of St Mary's, at West Malling, Kent for Benedictine nuns.〔Burton ''Monastic and Religious Orders'' p. 94〕 He was also responsible for the founding of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Rochester, the chapel of which is original and still extant. In 1083 the Cathedral Priory of St. Andrew the Apostle was founded at Rochester with Gundulf as Prior. He personally purchased a great deal of property for his house and also acquired other properties as the Priory found continued favour with the Norman kings. Together with Archbishop Lanfranc he began the construction of the monastery buildings and continued work on the church. Later Gundulf had the relics of St. Paulinus, a previous Bishop of Rochester, housed in a silver shrine at the church.〔Palmer p.13〕 By the time of Gundulf's death on 7 March 1108〔 the nave and western front of the church had been completed. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gundulf of Rochester」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|